This book introduces a gender lens to debates around social protection. Millions of dollars are invested annually in social protection policies and programs addressing poverty and vulnerability in the developing world. Despite this, little attention has been paid to social protection's role in tackling gendered experiences of poverty and vulnerability. Gender and Social Protection in the Developing World argues that gender-sensitive policy and program design and implementation are essential. Drawing on empirical evidence from Africa, Asia and Latin America, the book provides rich insights, into the effects of a broad range of social protection instruments. It concludes that with relatively simple design changes and investment in implementation capacity there is potential for social protection to contribute to transforming gender relations at the individual, intra-household and community levels.